Cancer, endometrial

Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the uterus, specifically in the endometrium, which is the lining of the uterus. It is also known as uterine cancer. Endometrial cancer is often detected early due to abnormal vaginal bleeding.

SYMPTOMS

• Vaginal bleeding after menopause
• Bleeding between periods
• Abnormal discharge from the vagina
• Pelvic pain
• Pain during intercourse

When to see a doctor: If you experience any of these symptoms, it's important to consult your healthcare provider.

CAUSES

The exact cause of endometrial cancer is unknown, but it is believed to involve genetic mutations in the cells of the endometrium, leading to uncontrolled growth and tumor formation.

RISK FACTORS

Factors that increase the risk of endometrial cancer include hormonal imbalances, obesity, diabetes, late menopause, never being pregnant, older age, hormone therapy for breast cancer, and certain genetic syndromes.

COMPLICATIONS

Endometrial cancer can spread to other parts of the body, with the lungs being a common site of metastasis.

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosis involves pelvic examination, transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, endometrial biopsy, and sometimes dilation and curettage. Staging may require additional tests like CT scans and PET scans.

TREATMENT

Treatment options include surgery (hysterectomy), radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy depending on the stage and characteristics of the cancer.

LIFESTYLE AND HOME REMEDIES

Maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, discussing hormone therapy risks with your doctor after menopause, and considering oral contraceptives may help reduce the risk of endometrial cancer.

COPING AND SUPPORT

Finding information about your condition, maintaining a support system, and staying engaged in activities you enjoy can help cope with an endometrial cancer diagnosis.