Measles

Other names: Rubeola

DEFINITION

Measles is a childhood infection caused by a virus. It can be prevented with a vaccine and presents with symptoms like cough, runny nose, fever, and a red skin rash.

SYMPTOMS

• Fever
• Dry cough
• Runny nose
• Sore throat
• Inflamed eyes (conjunctivitis)
• Koplik's spots in the mouth
• Red skin rash

CAUSES

Measles is caused by a virus spread through respiratory droplets. It can also spread by touching contaminated surfaces.

RISK FACTORS

• Being unvaccinated
• Traveling internationally
• Vitamin A deficiency

COMPLICATIONS

• Ear infection
• Respiratory issues
• Pneumonia
• Encephalitis
• Pregnancy problems

TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosis is usually based on the rash and Koplik's spots. Blood tests can confirm Measles.

TREATMENTS AND DRUGS

There is no cure for Measles, but post-exposure vaccination and immune serum globulin can help. Symptomatic treatment includes fever reducers and antibiotics if bacterial infections develop.

LIFESTYLE AND HOME REMEDIES

Isolation of infected individuals and vaccination of at-risk individuals are crucial to prevent the spread of Measles.

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QUESTIONS

1. What causes Measles?

Measles is caused by a virus that spreads through respiratory droplets.

2. What are the typical symptoms of Measles?

Symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, inflamed eyes, Koplik's spots, and a red skin rash.

3. How can Measles be diagnosed?

Diagnosis is usually based on the characteristic rash and Koplik's spots, with confirmation through blood tests if necessary.

4. Can Measles be treated with medication?

There is no specific treatment for Measles, but symptomatic relief and prevention of complications can be managed with medications.

5. What are the potential complications of Measles?

Complications may include ear infections, pneumonia, encephalitis, and pregnancy-related issues.

6. How can one prevent the spread of Measles at home?

Isolating infected individuals and ensuring vaccination of at-risk individuals are key preventive measures.

7. Who is at higher risk of contracting Measles?

Unvaccinated individuals, travelers to high-risk areas, and those with vitamin A deficiency are at higher risk.

8. What is the communicable period for Measles?

A person with Measles can spread the virus for about eight days, starting four days before the rash appears.

9. Is there a cure for Measles?

There is no specific cure for Measles, but supportive care and prevention strategies are important in managing the infection.

10. Why is vaccination important in preventing Measles outbreaks?

Vaccination helps promote herd immunity and prevents resurgence of Measles outbreaks in communities.